Loulou kēlā me kēia pale pane i nā kumu ʻike no kona kumuhana, i hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu i nā helu ma ko lākou kumu. Aia ma lalo nei ʻewalu o nā ʻahahui a ka hōʻike nīnau e loulou ai.
IPCC AR6
Nā Hui Hana I, II & III
ʻO ka Hōʻike Loiloi ʻEono o ka IPCC (2021–2023) ka loiloi kuhikuhi no ka ʻepekema aniau, nā hopena a me ka hoʻēmi ʻana. Loulou ka hōʻike nīnau i kāna Hōʻike Hōʻuluʻulu a me kāna mau mokuna e pili ana i ka halihali, ka mahiʻai a me ka hoʻohana ʻāina, nā hale a me nā kulekele aniau.
IPCC (2023). AR6 Synthesis Report: Climate Change 2023.
NASA Climate Change
Nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ka Honua
Hahai nā ʻaoʻao loli aniau o NASA i ka CO₂, ka mahana o ka honua, ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kai a me ka hau, mai nā ana ʻana o nā ukali a ma ka ʻāina. Ua loulou ʻia lākou mai nā nīnau ʻepekema aniau.
NASA Science. "Climate Change". science.nasa.gov/climate-change.
International Energy Agency
Ikehu, hoʻokuʻu, ʻenehana
Ua loulou ʻia ka loiloi a ka IEA no ka halihali, nā hale, nā pāuma wela, nā kikowaena ʻikepili a me ka nānā wikiō ma ka pūnaewele mai nā nīnau e pili ana i ia mau kumuhana.
IEA (2022). The Future of Heat Pumps.
Our World in Data
ʻIkepili ʻepekema & ikehu wehe
Ua loulou ʻia nā ʻaoʻao o Our World in Data e pili ana i ke kapuaʻi o ka meaʻai a me ka huakaʻi, i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka CO₂ a me nā kinoea hoʻomahana honua, a i ka hoʻohana wai, mai nā nīnau meaʻai, halihali, wai a me ka helu moʻokāki kalapona.
Ritchie, H., Roser, M. & Rosado, P. (2024). "CO₂ and Greenhouse Gas Emissions". OurWorldInData.org.
FAO
Nā ʻōnaehana meaʻai & hoʻokuʻu
Ua loulou ʻia ka hana a ka ʻAhahui Meaʻai a me ka Mahiʻai o Nā Lāhui Hui Pū ʻIa e pili ana i ka loli aniau, ka nalowale ʻana o ka meaʻai a me ka hoʻopau wale ʻana i ka meaʻai, mai nā nīnau meaʻai.
FAO (2011). "Global food losses and food waste: Extent, causes and prevention".
GHG Protocol
Nā kūlana moʻokāki ʻoihana
Ua loulou ʻia ka Corporate Standard a me ka Scope 3 Standard o ka GHG Protocol mai nā nīnau e pili ana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā ʻoihana a me ka helu moʻokāki kalapona.
WRI/WBCSD (2015). The Greenhouse Gas Protocol: Corporate Standard (revised edition).
US EPA
Nā kumu hoʻokuʻu & ʻikepili ʻōpala
Ua loulou ʻia nā ʻaoʻao o ke Keʻena Hoʻomalu Kaiapuni o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e pili ana i nā kinoea hoʻomahana honua, ka ʻōpala a me ka hoʻohana hou ʻana, ka hana kīpulu a me ka mālama wai, mai nā nīnau ʻōpala, wai, kūʻai a me ka helu moʻokāki kalapona.
US EPA. "Overview of Greenhouse Gases". epa.gov/ghgemissions.
NOAA Climate.gov
Ka ʻepekema aniau, i wehewehe ʻia
Wehewehe ʻo Climate.gov o NOAA i ka nui o ka CO₂ i ka lewa a me ke kumu e piʻi mau nei. Ua loulou ʻia ia mai nā nīnau ʻepekema aniau.
Lindsey, R. "Climate Change: Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide". NOAA Climate.gov.
ʻO nā kumu ʻike ʻē aʻe i loulou ʻia, ʻo ia ka UNFCCC, ka ICVCM, ENERGY STAR, fueleconomy.gov a me ka Ellen MacArthur Foundation.